1961 ve 1982 Anayasalarında Milliyetçilik: Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz

Abstract

This study provides a comparative analysis of nationalism as expressed in Türkiye's 1961 and 1982 constitutions. Shaped in different historical and political contexts, these two constitutions reflect the changing nature of Turkish nationalism. Influenced by civilian nationalism, the 1961 Constitution emphasises legal equality and democratic governance and promotes an inclusive concept of national identity. In contrast, the 1982 Constitution represents a more state-centred approach to nationalism, shaped by concerns over national security and territorial integrity following the 1980 military coup. This study analyses key articles in both constitutions, the balance between civic and ethnic nationalism, and the role of secularism and citizenship in shaping national identity. The analysis also highlights different approaches to ethnic diversity and minority rights. In addition, the article explores the influence of military and political authority in shaping nationalism in both periods. Through this comparative framework, the study demonstrates how the concept of nationalism in these two constitutions shaped Türkiye's political landscape and had lasting consequences for contemporary Turkish nationalism. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the complex relationship between nationalism, constitutional law and political authority in Türkiye.