Teacher Training Issue ın The Republican Period: A Literature Review on Education Institute

Abstract

Teaching is a sacred profession centered on nurturing human beings and is one whose value will never diminish. Teachers, who shape the lives of children, are artists whose material is the human soul. In the development of a country, in cultivating a qualified workforce, and in passing on the moral and material values of society to future generations, teachers are given the most crucial role. No matter how perfect a country's education system may be, it is impossible for the system to be successful if the teachers who will operate it are not trained to the same level of excellence. One of the most significant educational initiatives of the Republic era is undoubtedly the existence of institutions that educate teachers. Since the founding of the Republic of Türkiye education; teaching and teacher training have been placed under the responsibility of the state. The most important problem the Republican leaders struggled with during this period was the education of the people and children. From the founding until the mid -1940’s, great efforts were made to spread primary education across the country. From this point onwards, Education Institutes were established to train middle school teachers. Between 1949 and 1979, the Education Institutes were almost the sole source of middle school teacher education in Turkiye. Established and developed in Anatolia during the Republican era, Education Institutes made substantial contributions to Turkish education history. Their contributions include providing educational opportunities to underprivileged youth and producing qualified teachers committed to serving the Republic. Over a period about thirty years, research and written works on these institutions, which single-hand edly took on the responsibility of training subject teachers for secondary education, have remained the existing literatüre on the Education Institutes.